A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
| Symbols | ||
• 3'-end (  ) • 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine ( ) • 4-MUP ( ) • 5'-end ( ) | ||
A | ||
| • Abbreviations. A list of abbreviation and terms ( ) • Accelerated storage experiment ( ) • Agarose gel. A slab of agarose and buffer used to analyze DNA using gel electrophoresis ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase ( ) | ||
| • Alkaline phosphatase • 4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphate (4-MUP) ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • A comparison between alkaline phosphatase and HRP in DIAPOPS ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Activators ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Data concerning Alkaline phosphatase (AP) ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Enzyme structure and MW ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Incubation with Streptavidin-Alkaline Phosphatase conjugate ( )• Alkaline phosphatase • Inhibitors ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Nomenclature ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • para-Nitro Phenyl Phosphate (pNPP) ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • pH optimum ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Storage of 4-MUP substrate solution ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Substrate specificity, relative rates and Km ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Substrates for AP tested in DIAPOPS ( ) • Alkaline phosphatase • Temperature ( ) | ||
| • Amplification (of DNA) ( ) • Annealing (in PCR) ( ) • AP. Alkaline phosphatase ( ) • Asymmetric amplification (of DNA) ( ) | ||
B | ||
| • Background ( ) | ||
| • Background • A case-story of a background problem ( ) • Background • Background not coming from solid phase primer ( ) • Background • Background signal in DIAPOPS originating from the solid phase primer ( ) • Background • Blocking with BR of unspecific binding to the solid phase primer of streptavidin conjugate ( ) • Background • Blocking with BSA of unspecific binding to the solid phase primer of streptavidin conjugate ( ) • Background • Contamination with old PCR products ( ) • Background • Data from analysis experiment ( ) • Background • Lack of blocking in the incubation step in the hybridization detection of the solid phase product ( ) • Background • Old substrate ( ) • Background • Set-up of analysis experiment ( ) • Background • Unspecific binding to solid phase primer of streptavidin conjugate. A new solid phase primer with the same sequence ( ) • Background • Unspecific binding to the solid phase primer of streptavidin conjugate ( ) • Background • Unspecifically binding of streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate ( ) • Background • Unsuccessful washing after addition of Streptavidin-enzyme conjugate ( ) | ||
| • Bands on agarose gel ( ) • Biotin ( ) • Biotin-labeled solid phase oligonucleotides ( ) • Blank samples ( ) • Blind samples ( ) • Blocking (of NucleoLink Strips) ( ) | ||
| • Blocking • Coated NucleoLink Strips before PCR ( ) • Blocking • Coated NucleoLink Strips. Blocking with BSA ( ) • Blocking • Coated NucleoLink Strips. Blocking with Tween 20 ( ) • Blocking • Coated NucleoLink Strips. DIAPOPS results ( ) • Blocking • Coated NucleoLink Strips. Difference in BSA blocking conditions ( ) • Blocking • Coated NucleoLink Strips. Liquid phase PCR product concentration ( ) | ||
| • BLV. Bovine Leukemia Virus ( ) • Bovine Leukemia Virus ( ) • BR. Blocking Reagent (Boehringer Mannheim) ( ) • BSA. Bovine Serum Albumin ( ) • Buffers ( ) | ||
| • Buffers • For amplification ( ) • Buffers • For covalent binding of solid phase primer ( ) • Buffers • For detection of solid phase product ( ) • Buffers • Preparation of buffers for the DIAPOPS procedure ( ) | ||
C | ||
| • Carbodiimide. See EDC ( ) • Carry-over contamination ( ) | ||
| • Carry-over contamination • Isopsoralen ( ) • Carry-over contamination • Prevention of carry-over contamination by changing the product composition from the template ( ) • Carry-over contamination • Prevention of carry-over contamination by physical separation of preparation and analysis ( ) • Carry-over contamination • Prevention of carry-over contamination by UV-irradiation ( ) • Carry-over contamination • The solution to a contamination ( ) • Carry-over contamination • UNG method ( ) • Carry-over contamination • Whole in One and NucleoLink Tape 8 decreases carry-over contamination ( ) | ||
| • cDNA. Complementary DNA ( ) • Coating ( ) • Control samples ( ) • CovaLink. NucleoLink versus CovaLink ( ) | ||
D | ||
| • Denaturation ( ) • Descendant ( ) • DIAPOPS ( ) | ||
| • DIAPOPS • Animation ( ) • DIAPOPS • Lambda-DNA ( ) • DIAPOPS • A comparison of PCR products in liquid - and solid phase ( ) • DIAPOPS • A comparison of PCR products in liquid - and solid phase. Data ( ) • DIAPOPS • A comparison of PCR products in liquid - and solid phase. Difference between normal symmetrical PCR and • DIAPOPS asymmetrically PCR ( ) • DIAPOPS • Applications or systems tested with DIAPOPS ( ) • DIAPOPS • BLV ( ) • DIAPOPS • cDNA from mRNA coding for rat brain actin ( ) • DIAPOPS • Denaturation of the solid phase product in DIAPOPS ( ) • DIAPOPS • Denaturation of the solid phase product in DIAPOPS using hot hybridization washing buffer ( ) )• DIAPOPS • Denaturation of the solid phase product in DIAPOPS. Presently used method ( ) • DIAPOPS • Denaturation of the solid phase product in DIAPOPS. Problems with presently used method ( ) • DIAPOPS • Detection of cDNA from rat IL2 receptor mRNA ( ) • DIAPOPS • DIAPOPS liquid phase PCR versus standard symmetric PCR ( ) • DIAPOPS • HPV ( ) • DIAPOPS • Introduction ( ) • DIAPOPS • Introduction. Asymmetric amplification ( ) • DIAPOPS • Introduction. Denaturation of solid phase product ( ) • DIAPOPS • Introduction. DIAPOPS advantages ( ) • DIAPOPS • Introduction. Hybridization detection of solid phase product ( ) • DIAPOPS • Introduction. Solid phase primer ( ) • DIAPOPS • Linker. A linker on the 5' - end of the solid phase primer ( ) • DIAPOPS • Linker. DIAPOPS results as a function of a linker in the 5'-end of the solid phase primers ( ) • DIAPOPS • Linker. Number of T's in the poly-T linker ( ) • DIAPOPS • Linker. Testing of Poly-T linkers ( ) • DIAPOPS • Liquid phase PCR product analysis ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. A linker in the 5'-end of the phosphorylated solid phase primer ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. BSA blocking of coated NucleoLink Strips before addition of PCR mix ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Cycle time of the PCR program ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Different optimal cycle times in separate systems ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Hybridization detection of the solid phase PCR product ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Primer ratio in the PCR mix for the asymmetric DIAPOPS amplification ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Primer-dimer formation of the solid phase primer ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Selection of enzyme/substrate combination for detection of the solid phase product ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Selection of the solid phase primer ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. Substrates ( ) • DIAPOPS • Optimization. The importance of using a known template during the optimization ( ) • DIAPOPS • Phytophtora fragariae ( ) • DIAPOPS • Procedure ( ) • DIAPOPS • Procedure. Amplification ( ) • DIAPOPS • Procedure. Covalent Binding of Solid Phase Primer ( ) • DIAPOPS • Procedure. Detection ( ) • DIAPOPS • Procedure. Rehybridization ( ) • DIAPOPS • Procedure. Wash after detection to prepare for rehybridization or storage ( ) • DIAPOPS • PVY ( ) • DIAPOPS • Systems tested externally. Addresses ( ) | ||
E | ||
| • EDC ( ) | ||
| • EDC • EDC activation of the 5'-end phosphate group with carbodiimide ( ) • EDC • Comparison of EDC from different manufacturers ( ) • EDC • Comparison of EDC from different manufacturers. A list of tested products ( ) • EDC • Coupling reaction ( ) • EDC • EDC from different sources and effect of storage of EDC ( ) • EDC • Half-life of activated DNA ( ) • EDC • Handling of EDC in the daily routine ( ) • EDC • Primer binding to the surface ( ) • EDC • Reaction of the carbodiimide activated DNA with 1-methylimidazole ( ) • EDC • Storage of EDC ( ) • EDC • The reagent ( ) | ||
| • ELISA readers ( ) • Elongation (in PCR) ( ) • Enzymes ( ). | ||
| • Enzymes • Alkaline phosphatase ( ) • Enzymes • Horse radish peroxidase ( ) • Enzymes • Summary of enzymes and substrates tested in DIAPOPS ( ) | ||
| • Evaporation during incubation ( ) | ||
F | ||
| • False positive results (in PCR and DIAPOPS) ( ) • Flushing of the washer when changing washing buffers ( ) • Frames (for NucleoLink) ( ) | ||
G | ||
| • Gel electrophoresis ( ) • GeNunc modules ( ) | ||
H | ||
| • Handling of EDC in the daily routine ( ) • Heat stability of the bound solid phase primer ( ) • Heated lid ( ) • Horse radish peroxidase ( ) | ||
| • Horse radish peroxidase • A comparison between alkaline phosphatase and HRP in DIAPOPS ( ) • Horse radish peroxidase • Data concerning horse-radish peroxidase (HRP) ( ) • Horse radish peroxidase • Substrate: 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) ( ) | ||
| • Hot-Start (HotStart, Hot Start) ( ) | ||
| • Hot-Start • Commercial approaches to Hot-Start ( ) • Hot-Start • In DIAPOPS ( ) • Hot-Start • Methods for Hot-Start ( ) • Hot-Start • Wax overlay ( ) | ||
| • HPV. Humane Papilloma Virus ( ) • HRP. Horse Radish Peroxidase ( ) • Hybridization ( ) | ||
I | ||
| • IL2. Interleukin 2 ( ) • Incubation Buffer and pH of buffer during covalent binding ( ) • Index to NucleoLink Application Guide ( ) • Inhibition (of PCR) ( ) | ||
K | ||
| • Km ( ) | ||
L | ||
| • Lambda-DNA ( ) • Limit of detection (in PCR and DIAPOPS) ( ) • Linker ( ) | ||
| • Linker • A linker on the 5' - end of the solid phase primer ( ) • Linker • DIAPOPS results as a function of a linker in the 5'-end of the solid phase primers ( ) • Linker • Number of T's in the poly-T linker ( ) • Linker • Testing of Poly-T linkers ( ) | ||
| • Liquid phase PCR products ( ) • Lysis ( ) | ||
M | ||
| • MeIm. Methyl Imidazole ( ) • Melting of DNA. Denaturation ( ) • Methods for measuring the amount of solid phase bound oligonucleotides ( ) • MW Molecular weight ( ) • mRNA. Messenger RNA ( ) | ||
N | ||
| • Negative samples ( ) • NNI. Nalge Nunc International • NucleoLink Strips ( ) | ||
| • NucleoLink Strips • Application ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Autoclaving ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Binding ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Can oil be used if the thermal cycler does not have a heated lid? ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Detection systems ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • DIAPOPS ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Emptying the NucleoLink Strips ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Evaporation during incubation ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Features ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Format ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • General handling of NucleoLink Strips in DIAPOPS ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • General handling. Tools for washing ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Handling NucleoLink Strips using the DIAPOPS technique ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Heat resistance of NucleoLink Strips ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Heat transfer to the inside of the NucleoLink Strips ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • How is NucleoLink packed? ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Inserting and removing of NucleoLink Strips from thermal cyclers ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Instrumentation ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Introduction to Amplification and Detection ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Introduction to the DIAPOPS technique ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • NucleoLink versus CovaLink ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Physical stability and form of the NucleoLink Strips ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Principle of DIAPOPS ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Product Guide ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Product information ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Quality control ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Reduced risk of contamination ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • References ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Removal of tape from NucleoLink Strips ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Sealing of NucleoLink Strips during DIAPOPS and storage ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Shape and volume of the NucleoLink Strips ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Simplified manipulation ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Strips ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • The NucleoLink frames ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • The term: Wash three times ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Use of GeNunc Tape 48 during thermal cycling ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Volume of washing liquid ( ) • NucleoLink Strips • Whole in One with NucleoLink Strips ( ) | ||
O | ||
| • Oligonucleotides ( ) | ||
| • Oligonucleotides • Daily use of oligonucleotides ( ) • Oligonucleotides • General handling ( ) • Oligonucleotides • How should oligonucleotides be diluted? ( ) • Oligonucleotides • Storage of oligonucleotides ( ) | ||
| • Optimization ( ) • Optimization of covalent binding of the solid phase primer ( ) | ||
P | ||
| • Para-Nitro Phenyl Phosphate (pNPP) ( ) • PCR* ( ) | ||
| • PCR • Animation ( ) • PCR • Blocking reagent (BR) ( ) • PCR • Blocking reagents added to the PCR mix ( ) • PCR • BSA ( ) • PCR • Factors to check during optimization ( ) • PCR • Factors to optimize ( ) • PCR • General PCR introduction ( ) • PCR • Milky white PCR liquid in DIAPOPS after thermal cycling ( ) • PCR • Optimization ( ) • PCR • PCR mix ( ) • PCR • PCR product ( ) • PCR • Problems with traditional detection of PCR products ( ) • PCR • Special substances for control of specificity in PCR ( ) • PCR • The basic reaction ( ) • PCR • The normal chemistry of the PCR with regard to specificity control ( ) • PCR • Traditional detection of PCR products ( ) | ||
| • PCR • Traditional detection of PCR products • A high workload ( ) • PCR • Traditional detection of PCR products • Differentiation between weakly positive and negative reaction ( ) • PCR • Traditional detection of PCR products • Limit of detection ( ) • PCR • Traditional detection of PCR products • Verification of the amplified product ( ) | ||
| • PE. Perkin Elmer ( ) • Phosphorylation (of the DNA 5'-end) ( ) • Phytophtora fragariae ( ) • Plasmid ( ) • Plate-reader ( ) • pNPP. Para-Nitro Phenyl Phosphate ( ) • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ( ) • Pre-Incubation ( ) • Primer (in PCR) ( ) | ||
| • Primer • A linker on the solid phase primer in DIAPOPS ( ) • Primer • Binding to the NucleoLink surface ( ) • Primer • Hybridization of the 3'-end ( ) • Primer • Length ( ) • Primer • Length of PCR product ( ) • Primer • Melting temperature ( ) • Primer • Minimal primer-dimer formation ( ) • Primer • Primer-dimer (in PCR) ( ) • Primer • Selection of primers for PCR and DIAPOPS ( ) • Primer • Self-complementarity ( ) • Primer • Specificity of the selected sequences ( ) • Primer • Target sequence ( ) | ||
| • Primer-dimer (in PCR) ( ) • Probe ( ) | ||
| • Probe • AP labeled probe ( ) • Probe • AP labeled probe. Overnight hybridization ( ) • Probe • Biotinylated probes ( ) • Probe • Concentration and probe labeling in DIAPOPS ( ) • Probe • Daily use of probes ( ) • Probe • General handling ( ) • Probe • How should probes be diluted? ( ) • Probe • Probe labeled with a fluorescent tags ( ) • Probe • Storage of probes ( ) | ||
| • Product (PCR) ( ) • Publications | ||
| • Publications • Detection of immobilized amplicons by ELISA-like techniques. Oroskar,A.A. et al. ( ) • Publications • NucleoLink and TopYield Strips as traditional amplification tubes in commercial thermal cyclers. TechNote vol. 3 No. 19 ( ) • Publications • NucleoLink versus CovaLink surfaces. TechNote vol. 3 No. 17 ( ) • Publications • Quality control of NucleoLink Strips. TechNote vol. 3 No. 16 ( ) • Publications • Thermal profiles of liquid in NucleoLink and TopYield Strips. TechNote vol. 3 No. 18 ( ) | ||
| • PVY. Potato Virus Y ( ) | ||
Q | ||
| • Questionnaire ( ) | ||
R | ||
| • Radioactive-labeled oligonucleotides ( ) • Reference list ( ) • Rehybridization (In DIAPOPS) ( ) | ||
| • Rehybridization • Data ( ) • Rehybridization • Optimization of the hybridization conditions ( ) • Rehybridization • Reasons for rehybridization ( ) • Rehybridization • To the solid phase PCR product ( ) • Rehybridization • Variation in rehybridization data ( ) • Rehybridization • Verification of the first hybridization results ( ) | ||
| • Removal of tape from NucleoLink Strips ( ) | ||
S | ||
| • Salmonella ( ) • Sealing ( ) • Selection of primers for PCR and DIAPOPS ( ) • Selectivity (in PCR) ( ) • Self-complementarity ( ) • Sensitivity (in PCR) ( ) • Shape of NucleoLink Strips ( ) • Soak-time (in DIAPOPS) ( ) • Solid phase primer (in DIAPOPS) ( ) | ||
| • Solid phase primer • A mix of hybridization probes for detection of the solid phase primer ( ) • Solid phase primer • Analysis of the heat-stability of the solid phase primer ( ) • Solid phase primer • Biotin-labeled solid phase oligonucleotides ( ) • Solid phase primer • Concentration of the phosphorylated oligonucleotide during covalent binding ( ) • Solid phase primer • Correlation between the number of solid phase primers and the DIAPOPS signal ( ) • Solid phase primer • Determination of purity and concentration: OD260 and OD280 ( ) • Solid phase primer • EDC concentration in the covalent binding ( ) • Solid phase primer • Extra addition of EDC during covalent binding ( ) • Solid phase primer • Heat stability of the bound solid phase primer ( ) • Solid phase primer • Hybridization with a labeled probe to the solid phase oligonucleotide ( ) • Solid phase primer • Incubation Buffer and pH of buffer during covalent binding ( ) • Solid phase primer • Incubation during the covalent binding with or without shaking ( ) • Solid phase primer • Measurement of the number of solid phase primers, and the relationship to the solid phase amplification ( ) • Solid phase primer • Methods for measuring the amount of solid phase bound oligonucleotides ( ) • Solid phase primer • Optimization of covalent binding of the solid phase primer ( ) • Solid phase primer • Phosphorylation of the solid phase primer ( ) • Solid phase primer • Preheating of the coated NucleoLink Strips before hybridization detection of the solid phase primer ( ) • Solid phase primer • Procedure for phosphorylation of the 5'-end of the primer ( ) • Solid phase primer • Radioactive-labeled oligonucleotides ( ) • Solid phase primer • Reagents for phosphorylation procedure ( ) • Solid phase primer • Stability analysis of the primer and EDC mix ( ) • Solid phase primer • Stability of the mix of primer and EDC in different buffers ( ) • Solid phase primer • Temperature of incubation during the covalent binding ( ) • Solid phase primer • Temperature of incubation during the covalent binding. Selection of 50ºC ( ) • Solid phase primer • The importance of controlling the EDC concentration in the covalent binding ( ) • Solid phase primer • Time of incubation during the covalent binding ( ) | ||
| • Solid phase product ( ) • Spacer plate ( ) • Spacer plate. Figure ( ) • Specificity (in PCR) ( ) • Stability analysis of the primer and EDC mix ( ) • Storage of 4-MUP substrate solution ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips ( ) | ||
| • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Accelerated storage experiment with BSA blocking before storage ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Accelerated storage experiment without BSA blocking before storage ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Coated NucleoLink Strips ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Coated NucleoLink Strips with liquid ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Coated NucleoLink Strips without liquid ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Direct hybridization detection data after long-term storage at 4ºC of NucleoLink Strips coated with various solid phase primers ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • NucleoLink Strips after PCR with immobilized amplicons ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • PCR and DIAPOPS results after long-term storage of coated Strips at 4ºC ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Sealing during storage ( ) • Storage of NucleoLink Strips • Uncoated NucleoLink Strips ( ) | ||
| • Storage of oligonucleotides ( ) • Streptavidin ( ) • Strip (NucleoLink) ( ) • Substrate ( ) | ||
| • Substrate • Summary of enzymes and substrates tested in DIAPOPS ( ) | ||
| • Symmetric DNA amplification (in PCR). A PCR where the concentrations of the two primers are equal ( ) | ||
T | ||
| • Tape 48 ( ) • Tape 8 ( ) • Taq-polymerase ( ) • Target sequence (in PCR) ( ) • Temperature of incubation during the covalent binding ( ) • Template DNA (in PCR) ( ) • Terms. A list of abbreviation and terms ( ) • Thermal cyclers ( ) | ||
| • Thermal cyclers • With heated lid ( ) • Thermal cyclers • Without heated lid ( ) | ||
| • TMB. 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine ( ) • TopYield Strips ( ) • Tween 20 ( ) | ||
U | ||
| • UNG. Uracil N-Glycosylase ( ) • Uracil N-Glycosylase ( ) | ||
V | ||
| • Verification of the first hybridization results ( ) • Vmax ( ) • Volume of NucleoLink Strips ( ) • Volume of washing liquid ( ) | ||
W | ||
| • Washing (of NucleoLink Strips) ( ) | ||
| • Washing • After addition of Enzyme conjugate ( ) • Washing • After binding the solid phase primer to the surface of the NucleoLink Strips ( ) • Washing • After hybridization ( ) • Washing • After PCR ( ) • Washing • Flushing of the washer when changing washing buffers ( ) • Washing • The term: Wash three times ( ) • Washing • The washing steps in the DIAPOPS procedure ( ) • Washing • Volume of washing liquid ( ) |